Who is Chen Quanguo?

Access Archive

Dear Access member,

October 1 is a holiday in China, so news is likely to be slow, but weโ€™ll put out a newsletter as usual.

All the best,

Jeremy

1. Self-reliance and โ€˜screws that never rustโ€™ in state media ย 

Xinhuaโ€™s English and Chinese home pages and the Peopleโ€™s Daily lead with a report on a Xรญ Jรฌnpรญng ไน ่ฟ‘ๅนณ speech at the end of his short tour of the northeastern Heilongjiang, Liaoning, and Jilin provinces.

The Global Timesโ€™ Chinese-language site has gone full retro Communist today, with the top headline: โ€œXi Jinping urges us to become โ€˜screws that never rustโ€™โ€ (ไน ่ฟ‘ๅนณๅทๅฌโ€œๅšไธ€้ข—ๆฐธไธ็”Ÿ้”ˆ็š„่žบไธ้’‰โ€ xรญ jรฌnpรญng hร ozhร o โ€œzuรฒ yฤซ kฤ“ yว’ng bรน shฤ“ng xiรน de luรณsฤซdฤซngโ€). ย 

โ€œScrews that never rustโ€ is, of course, a reference to everyoneโ€™s favorite Communist boy scout, devoted Maoist, and semi-fictional soldier: Lรฉi Fฤ“ng ้›ท้”‹, the original revolutionary screw that never rusted.

  • Xi went to Lei Fengโ€™s โ€œsecond hometownโ€ of Fushun, Liaoning, where he visited the Lei Feng Memorial Hall and said that the Lei Feng spirit is eternal, and that Party members should integrate his lofty ideals into their daily work life, and be screws that never rust in service of the people.

  • Who exactly is Lei Feng? The story is that he was orphaned at a young age. He had a short life of good socialist deeds, selfless devotion to Chairman Mรกo Zรฉdลng ๆฏ›ๆณฝไธœ, and service to a transport brigade of the Peopleโ€™s Liberation Army. Then Lei was killed at the age of 21 by a falling telephone pole.

  • Lei Fengโ€™s Diary ้›ท้”‹ๆ—ฅ่ฎฐ was published in 1963 and the โ€œLearn from Lei Fengโ€ propaganda campaign began in earnest.

  • The Lei Feng propaganda engine has been revved up periodically since then. See, for example, these links (all to my old website, Danwei.org, except where noted):

Why now? Itโ€™s not March 5, the traditional Lei Feng remembrance day. And that Global Times story is originally from Xinhua, so the Lei Feng stuff is coming from the central propaganda authorities, not just from a Global Times columnist. I can speculate on two reasons, aside from the fact that Xi happened to be in the northeast near the โ€œbirthplace of Lei Feng spirit.โ€ Let me be frank, Iโ€™m just dumping my thoughts here:

1. โ€œMartyrsโ€™ Dayโ€ falls this weekend.

Xinhua reports that senior Party leaders โ€œwill pay tribute and lay flowers at the Monument to the People’s Heroes in Tiananmen Square on Sunday morning.โ€

Martyrsโ€™ Day was inaugurated on September 30, 2014, โ€œto commemorate those who lost their lives for national independence and prosperity.โ€ That year, an official told the New York Times (porous paywall) that โ€œthe holiday should help people remember their history.โ€ However, the same article said that โ€œsome analysts see the holiday as part of an effort by the Communist Party to enshrine itself as the nationโ€™s guardian against invaders and as the arbiter of who is considered a martyr.โ€

Resuscitating the old Fengster seems of a piece with the Martyrsโ€™ Day coverage and propaganda we can expect this week.

2. Preparing for tough times

Endurance under the stress of a trade war is one of the propaganda themes of Xiโ€™s visit to the northeast. The Xinhua article linked at the top of this section quotes Xi: โ€œWith international unilateralism and trade protectionism rising, we must adhere to the path of self-reliance. If China wants to develop, it must ultimately depend on itself.โ€ The phrase used for โ€œself-relianceโ€ is ่‡ชๅŠ›ๆ›ด็”Ÿ zรฌlรฌ gฤ“ngshฤ“ng, which Mao popularized.

Javier Hernรกndez of the New York Times picked up on the Mao references, too โ€” his report (porous paywall) on the Xi trip is subtitled: โ€œA tour of farms and factories in Chinaโ€™s northeast gave Mr. Xi a chance to look like Mao and take aim at Trump.โ€

Xi never shied from Maoist language, and he is comfortable bringing back the Party propaganda themes and characters of his youth. Xi has previously nodded approvingly towards Jiฤo Yรนlรน ็„ฆ่ฃ•็ฆ„, the iconic honest communist cadre in an impoverished rural county, who died in 1964 of overwork at age 42. Jiao, like Lei Feng, is hauled out every once in a while, as a role model for Party members.

Lei Feng himself was promoted as a selfless hero, willing to sacrifice everything during tough times. In the 1960s, nobody but a tiny privileged few in China lived in material comfort. Perhaps, with economic clouds ahead, Xi is bringing back Lei Fei as a warning to Party members: Prepare for hardship.

Addendum: Lei Feng oddities

If you have not had enough of Lei Feng yet:

โ€”Jeremy Goldkorn

2. Who is Chen Quanguo?

โ€œThe architect of China’s Muslim camps is a rising star under Xi,โ€ says Bloomberg (via Straits Times). โ€œIf one individual sums up the values gap between a rising China and the West, it may well beโ€ Chรฉn Quรกnguรณ ้™ˆๅ…จๅ›ฝ, the Party boss of Xinjiang. So who is he?

  • Male, Han nationality, born 1955 in Pingyu, Henan Province, according to ChinaVitae. Joined the Party in 1976, graduated from the economics department of Zhengzhou University, received a masterโ€™s degree in economics from Wuhan Automotive Polytechnic University.

  • โ€œChen had no known family connections to help him climb through the ranks,โ€ according to Bloomberg: His first job โ€œsaw him join a rural commune in Henan, beginning a nearly four-decade journey from lowly apparatchik to Politburo member.โ€

  • From 2010 to 2011, Chen was the governor of Hebei. There is very little information about Chen in the public domain prior to that.

  • In 2011, Chen became the Party boss of Tibet. Bloomberg notes that it was โ€œa prestigious appointment,โ€ Hรบ Jวntฤo ่ƒก้”ฆๆถ› had held the same job, and โ€œTibet was still reeling from an outbreak of violence against Beijing’s rule,โ€ which Chen is seen to have successfully managed.

  • In August 2016, Chen was put in charge of Xinjiang. His brief, according to Bloomberg: โ€œto implement a policy to โ€˜strike firstโ€™ against domestic terrorism and unrest.โ€ Chen replicated the policing and surveillance tactics he had pioneered in Tibet, and is now overseeing their rapid expansion.

  • Chen is politically savvy, according to Bloomberg: โ€œIn February 2016, he publicly hailed Mr Xi as China’s โ€˜coreโ€™ leader months before his title was made official, and has described Mr Xi as a โ€˜wise leaderโ€™ with a โ€˜magnificent planโ€™ for China.โ€

U.S. House of Representatives hearing

An American House of Representatives Foreign Policy Committee hearing โ€” see Chinaโ€™s repression and internment of Uyghurs: U.S. policy responses โ€” took place this week. The South China Morning Post has a report.

  • Nury Turkel, chairman of the Uyghur Human Rights Project (and an upcoming Sinica guest), named Chen Quanguo, saying his tenure as Party boss of Xinjiang had heralded the โ€œdehumanisation of the Uyghur people.โ€

  • โ€œAdrian Zenz, a researcher credited as being one of the first to produce a detailed picture of the existence and scope of mass internment camps in Xinjiang, called on the US government to investigate whether American companies were involved in supplying cutting-edge technology that could be used by Chinese authorities for surveillance and other security-related systems in Xinjiang.โ€

  • โ€œAll witnesses who spoke at Wednesdayโ€™s hearing said US President Donald Trumpโ€™s administration should implement the Global Magnitsky Act, a form of economic sanctions that would freeze the assets of Chinese officials deemed crucial to their governmentโ€™s Xinjiang operations.โ€

  • โ€œKenneth Jarrett, president of the American Chamber of Commerce in Shanghai, said that the issue of American firmsโ€™ potential involvement in supplying surveillance technology deployed in Xinjiang had not yet become a โ€˜topic of conversationโ€™ for the associationโ€™s roughly 1,500 member companies, but that business leaders were generally following events in Xinjiang closely.โ€

Finally, the Council on Foreign Relations has a video of a conversation with Wรกng Yรฌ ็Ž‹ๆฏ…. There does not seem to be a transcript yet, but a research associate at the Council, Viola Rothschild, has summarized the foreign ministerโ€™s remarks on Twitter:

The things happening in Xinjiang are internal affairs. China is acting within its constitution and respecting freedom of religion. Terrorist incidents in the region have harmed innocent lives of Muslims and others. There was a time when Xinjiang was unsafe and insecure. The government is fulfilling its responsibility of helping the region become more stable and protect law and order. We are doing what should be done. There are no more terrorist attacks now.

โ€”Jeremy Goldkorn

3. Bolton โ€” the real China hawk behind Trump? โ€” trade war, day 85

There is little hard news in the trade war today. We are still waiting on the Trump administration to provide evidence for its charge of election interference by China โ€” what Axios calls a โ€œbaselessโ€ accusation of โ€œa minor act of war.โ€ Bonnie Glaser, an expert on Asia-Pacific security at the Center for Strategic and International Studies, tells AFP that thereโ€™s an important distinction between โ€œovert attempts at exerting influenceโ€ and โ€œcovert interference,โ€ and that what we have seen so far is only in the first bucket.

In the meantime, here are a few interesting reports:

  • National security adviser John Bolton has โ€œplayed a key role in persuading Trump to take a tougher approach toward Beijing that goes beyond the bitter trade war between the worldโ€™s two biggest economies and includes disputes such as cyber activities, Taiwan and the South China Sea,โ€ two officials told Reuters.

  • โ€œSome American friends have proceeded from the Western theory of realism,โ€ Foreign Minister Wรกng Yรฌ ็Ž‹ๆฏ… told the Council on Foreign Relations in New York today, and reached a โ€œconclusion…that China is about to seek hegemony and even challenge or displace US leadership…I want to tell you very clearly that this is a serious strategic misjudgment,โ€ AFP reports.

  • Wang Yi added that he remains optimistic, stating there is โ€œno cause for panic,โ€ and โ€œwe can overcome current difficulties,โ€ he said, according to Reuters.

  • โ€œChina is seeking to work with the European Union on WTO reform, but Beijing will still face a โ€˜united frontโ€™ from the US, EU and Japan on contentious trade issues like state subsidies,โ€ the SCMP says.

  • โ€œThe United States is working on a counter-offer to stop Chinese telecom giant Huawei Technologies Co Ltd from building internet infrastructure in Papua New Guinea (PNG),โ€ according to the U.S. Charge d’Affaires in the country, James Caruso, Reuters reports.

Other trade war and U.S.-China relations news:

โ€”Lucas Niewenhuis

4. A trio for Friday

  • Bytedance is in discussions โ€œto raise new funding that would value the business at $75 billion,โ€ reports the New York Times (porous paywall). โ€œThe Japanese conglomerate SoftBank is among the investors involved in the talksโ€ฆ A $75 billion valuation would make Bytedance one of the worldโ€™s most valuable private tech companies โ€” Uber was recently valued at $76 billion.โ€

  • โ€œRats as big as kittens walk up the staircases at Hong Kong housing estate where first human case of rat Hepatitis E virus was foundโ€ is the South China Morning Post story on a new infectious hazard in Hong Kong. The New York Times headlines the same news more sedately: In Hong Kong, Hepatitis E strain jumps from rats to humans (porous paywall).

  • โ€œJack Ma is retiring. Is China’s economy losing steam?โ€ asks this opinion piece (porous paywall) by MIT professor Yร shฤ“ng Huรกng ้ป„ไบš็”Ÿ: โ€œTwo of the three forces, globalization and marketization, that have propelled Alibaba to its current $500 billion valuation are dissipating. The third force, technology, is mired in the trade war between China and the United States, and its prospects in China are now uncertain.โ€

Our whole team really appreciates your support as Access members. Please chat with us on our Slack channel or contact me anytime at jeremy@thechinaproject.com.

โ€”Jeremy Goldkorn, Editor-in-Chief


Here are the stories that caught our eye this week:


BUSINESS AND TECHNOLOGY:

  • Gene editing safety violation allegations denied, shares surge
    China’s Genscript jumps after denying faking allegations / FT (paywall)
    โ€œShares in a Chinese biotech company which is partnering with Johnson & Johnson on a new cancer treatment, surged as much as 19.9 per cent in early trading on Friday after the company denied allegations of faking data.โ€
    Yesterday in WSJ: GenScript shares drop on report alleging safety violations by unit partnered with Johnson & Johnson
    โ€œThe report alleged that Nanjing Legend Biotechnology Co. bypassed standard safety procedures while testing an experimental gene therapy on Chinese cancer patients. It accused parent company GenScript of cherry picking results disclosed to investors. GenScript and Legend deny any wrongdoing.โ€

  • Infographic: Chinese internet by the numbers
    Hereโ€™s what happens in one minute on the Chinese internet / Radii China

  • Autonomous buggies to clean city streets
    Baiduโ€™s autonomous driving technology finds new application in urban cleaning / TechNode
    โ€œJoining hands with Chinese tech giant Baidu, Beijing Environmental Equipment Company, a subsidiary of Beijing Environmental Hygiene Group, launched seven autonomous driving vehicles for urban environment cleaning.โ€

  • BMW gets its fix of lithium ย 
    Chinaโ€™s Ganfeng Lithium signs 5-year supply deal with BMW / FT (paywall)
    โ€œGanfeng, which is set to price an IPO in Hong Kong next week, will sell the lithium at market prices and provide as much lithium as Munich-based BMW needs, it said…Lithium is a key ingredient for electric car batteries, along with nickel, cobalt and manganese.โ€

  • Uber gets scooters from China
    Briefing: Uber is coming back to China to make scooters / TechNode
    โ€œAfter selling its ride-hailing operations to Didi in 2016, Uber is coming back to China but not to compete for the market again. The company is ordering bikes and scooters for its bike-rental business back in the US.โ€

  • Bullet Messenger gets the wrong kind of attention
    Bullet Messenger is getting more attention from local media for lax security and racy content / TechNode

  • Thailand smartphone market
    Smartphone market cut-throat as Chinese rush in / Bangkok Post
    โ€œThe sluggish economy has caused fierce smartphone competition as Chinese phone makers flood the market and mobile operators offer longer payment instalments of up to 36 months at the Thailand Mobile Expo.โ€

  • Artificial intelligence โ€” educational robots
    AI robots are transforming parenting in China / CNN
    โ€œDriven by a cluster of leading AI companies and using ad campaigns that target tech-savvy parents, early education products have taken a futuristic turn in China…A search on Tmall (China’s equivalent to Amazon) with โ€˜education robotโ€™ gives 65 pages of products.โ€

  • Thailand boat tragedy aftermath
    China orepares unprecedented online Tourism regulation / Bloomberg (porous paywall)
    โ€œChina has drafted sweeping regulations targeting online travel agencies and platforms based in the country after a deadly boating accident involving Chinese tourists in Thailand fueled claims of lax oversight, according to a person familiar with the matter.โ€
    โ€œThe regulation by Chinaโ€™s Ministry of Culture and Tourism would mandate that online travel providers improve rescue and emergency plans, better vet and manage their on-ground service providers, purchase liability insurance, and protect clientsโ€™ personal information.โ€

  • Didi and ride-hailing problems
    What Didiโ€™s blackout exposed about the ride-hailing industry / Sixth Tone
    โ€œAfter the death of a passenger, Didi suspended night services. But some say that wasnโ€™t enough to fix safety concerns.โ€

POLITICS AND CURRENT AFFAIRS:

SOCIETY AND CULTURE:


VIDEO OF THE DAY

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Debut appearance for 12 panda cubs in Chengdu

Twelve panda cubs born this year held their first public appearance at Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding in Chengdu, Sichuan Province, on Friday.

We also published the following videos this week:


ON SUPCHINA

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A comic featuring some of Lu Xun’s most caustic quotation

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Gubei WTown: Beijing’s water town amusement park

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China Sports Column: Yao Ming’s ‘promotion’ and Stephon Marbury’s balls

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Sinica Podcast: Xi Jinping’s long, hot summer

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The China Project Quiz: Tech in China

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The Chinese left who support Trump and the American alt-right

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NรผVoices Podcast: Joan Xu on screenwriting in China

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Director Jia Zhangke roasts Hu Xijin over his review of โ€˜Ash Is Purest Whiteโ€™

While most of Global Times editor-in-chief Hu Xijin’s enemies usually choose to ignore his rants, thatโ€™s not the case with Huโ€™s latest Weibo post. Itโ€™s a negative review of the movie Ash Is Purest White, directed by Jia Zhangke ่ดพๆจŸๆŸฏ. In a now-deleted post that initiated controversy, Hu criticized Jiaโ€™s movie for making him uncomfortable due to its โ€œnegative energy.โ€

TechBuzz China: Meituan, the Super App That Won Against a Thousand Clones

As Ying-Ying Lu and Rui Ma go on vacation for the Mid-Autumn Festival and Golden Week, take a listen to their earlier episode on Meituan-Dianping, the super app that just raised a healthy $4.2 billion from investors in its IPO.

Director exposes Chinese TV’s fraudulent ratings

On September 15, Chinese director and screenwriter Jingyu Guo ้ƒญ้–ๅฎ‡ created a furor when he exposed on Weibo the prevalence of fraudulent ratings in China’s TV industry.

Feng Xiaogang cut from film because of Fan Bingbing tax scandal?

A director’s cut of Jia Zhangke’s latest movie, Ash Is Purest White ๆฑŸๆน–ๅ„ฟๅฅณ, released in China last Friday, was six minutes shorter than the version that played at Cannes in May. The cuts focus on scenes featuring Feng Xiaogang, who has a small cameo role. Feng is close friends with Fan Bingbing, who is currently embroiled in a tax evasion scandal.

College student expelled for unpatriotic social media posts

Wang Dong ็Ž‹ๆ ‹, an 18-year-old freshman student attending the civil engineering program at Hunan City University ๆน–ๅ—ๅŸŽๅธ‚ๅญฆ้™ข, found himself in trouble after internet users filed complaints about a series of since-deleted unpatriotic posts on his personal Weibo.

Further restrictions on foreign television programming

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Kuora: Censorship of American tech companies in China, and reciprocity

The sensitivities that give rise to the censorship effectively preventing many global tech companies from competing in China arenโ€™t commercial but political. The CCP fears that social media sites and services in particular are dangerous. But reciprocity โ€” hitting back at private-sector Chinese internet companies โ€” is hardly the answer.

Listen: A wild ride for China stocks

This week on the Caixin-Sinica Business Brief: A wild ride for China stocks, the director of the National Energy Administration goes down for corruption, China cancels trade talks with the U.S., David Kirton on the World Economic Forum in Tianjin, and more.


PHOTO OF THE DAY โ€” FROM SUPCHINA PHOTO CONTEST

Moon Harbor in Suzhou

This is the night skyline of Jinji Lake (้‡‘้ธกๆน– jฤซnjฤซhรบ) as seen from Moon Harbor. The glossy centerpiece is the Gate of the Orient (ไธœๆ–นไน‹้—จ dลngfฤngzhฤซmรฉn), a prominent building known for its height and design.

The photo was taken during a stroll with local friends after dinner. One of them lived in Suzhou and brought us here to marvel at the scenery and enjoy the cool breeze.

I had seen the Gate of the Orient earlier in the day and sympathized with claims that it resembled a pair of pants. Harsher criticism and outright mockery has been and is still being directed at the Gate of the Orient. As similarly unique structures have been appearing across China, this example highlights the negative public opinion that such โ€œweird architectureโ€ can incite. But by presenting the Gate of the Orient in this light (although light is lacking literally), I hope criticisms of this architectural feat do not neglect the luster it adds to Suzhouโ€™s night skyline. On a larger scale, the flavor that โ€œweird architectureโ€ adds to its surroundings should not be ignored when critiquing such creative expression.

โ€”Chionh Hwai Teck

You can click here to view more photos from our inaugural The China Project photo contest.